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E-Verify Requirements by State: Complete 2026 Guide

As of 2026, approximately 22 states require some or all employers to use E-Verify, while the Dignity Act of 2025 proposes mandatory federal E-Verify for all U.S. employers. Find your state’s requirement below.

8
states mandate E-Verify for private employers
17
states require E-Verify for public employers/contractors
50
states covered in this guide

Researched by the I9AuditReady Research Team

·

Last Updated: April 2026

How to Read This Table

Mandatory — AllAll or most private employers must use E-VerifyMandatory — PublicPublic agencies and/or government contractors onlyVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation
StateRequirementApplies ToMin. Employees
AlabamaMandatory — AllAll employers with 25+ employees; all public …25+Details
ArizonaMandatory — AllAll employers — no size thresholdAllDetails
GeorgiaMandatory — AllPrivate employers with 10+ employees; all pub…10+Details
MississippiMandatory — AllAll employers — no size thresholdAllDetails
North CarolinaMandatory — AllPrivate employers with 25+ employees; all pub…25+Details
South CarolinaMandatory — AllAll employers — no size thresholdAllDetails
TennesseeMandatory — AllPrivate employers with 50+ employees; all pub…50+Details
UtahMandatory — AllPrivate employers with 15+ employees; all pub…15+Details
ArkansasMandatory — PublicPublic employers and state/local government c…AllDetails
ColoradoMandatory — PublicState agencies and political subdivisions; co…AllDetails
FloridaMandatory — PublicAll public employers and contractors with sta…AllDetails
IdahoMandatory — PublicState agencies and state contractorsAllDetails
IndianaMandatory — PublicPublic employers and state contractorsAllDetails
KansasMandatory — PublicState agencies and state contractorsAllDetails
LouisianaMandatory — PublicPublic employers and state/local government c…AllDetails
MichiganMandatory — PublicState agencies and state contractorsAllDetails
MinnesotaMandatory — PublicState agencies and state contractorsAllDetails
MissouriMandatory — PublicPublic employers and state contractorsAllDetails
MontanaMandatory — PublicState agencies and state contractorsAllDetails
NebraskaMandatory — PublicState agencies and contractorsAllDetails
OklahomaMandatory — PublicPublic employers and state/local contractorsAllDetails
PennsylvaniaMandatory — PublicCommonwealth agencies and contractorsAllDetails
TexasMandatory — PublicState agencies and state contractorsAllDetails
VirginiaMandatory — PublicState agencies and state contractorsAllDetails
West VirginiaMandatory — PublicState agencies and state contractorsAllDetails
AlaskaVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
CaliforniaVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary use with restric…N/ADetails
ConnecticutVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
DelawareVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
HawaiiVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
IllinoisVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary use with restric…N/ADetails
IowaVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
KentuckyVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
MaineVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
MarylandVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
MassachusettsVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
NevadaVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
New HampshireVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
New JerseyVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
New MexicoVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
New YorkVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
North DakotaVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
OhioVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
OregonVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
Rhode IslandVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
South DakotaVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
VermontVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
WashingtonVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
WisconsinVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails
WyomingVoluntaryNo state mandate — voluntary participation on…N/ADetails

Key Facts About E-Verify in 2026

  • As of 2026, 8 states require E-Verify for all or most private employers: Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Utah.
  • Approximately 15 states require E-Verify only for public employers and/or government contractors.
  • All 50 states are subject to federal Form I-9 requirements — E-Verify is a separate, additional system.
  • Federal contractors with contracts over $100,000 must use E-Verify for all new hires under FAR 22.1803, regardless of state law.
  • The Dignity Act of 2025 proposes mandatory federal E-Verify for all U.S. employers. As of April 2026, it has not been enacted into law.
  • Federal I-9 civil penalties range from $252 to $2,507 per form for paperwork violations and up to $27,894 per unauthorized worker for knowing employment violations under 2026 adjusted rates.

Frequently Asked Questions About E-Verify

Which states require E-Verify for all employers in 2026?

As of 2026, eight states require E-Verify for all or most private employers: Alabama (25+ employees), Arizona (all employers), Georgia (10+ employees), Mississippi (all employers), North Carolina (25+ employees), South Carolina (all employers), Tennessee (50+ employees), and Utah (15+ employees).

Is there a federal E-Verify requirement?

Federal contractors with contracts over $100,000 must use E-Verify under FAR 22.1803. There is no enacted federal mandate for all private employers as of 2026, although the Dignity Act of 2025 proposes universal federal E-Verify. All employers — regardless of E-Verify — must complete Form I-9 for every new hire.

What is the difference between E-Verify and Form I-9?

Form I-9 is required by federal law for every U.S. employer — it is the physical or electronic form on which employers verify employee identity and work authorization documents. E-Verify is an optional (or state-mandated) electronic system that cross-checks I-9 data against federal DHS and SSA records. All employers must complete I-9; only some must use E-Verify.

Can an employer use E-Verify in a state that does not require it?

Yes. Any employer in any state may voluntarily enroll in E-Verify through USCIS at no cost. Voluntary participants must apply E-Verify consistently to all new hires — you cannot selectively verify employees based on national origin, citizenship status, or perceived immigration status, as this violates federal anti-discrimination law (INA § 274B).

What are the penalties for not using E-Verify in a state that requires it?

Penalties vary by state. In Arizona, non-compliant employers face business license suspension and possible permanent revocation. In Alabama, penalties include 60-day license suspension for a first offense. In South Carolina, a third violation results in permanent license revocation. States with public-employer mandates typically disqualify non-compliant contractors from state contracts.

Does the Dignity Act of 2025 create a mandatory federal E-Verify requirement?

The Dignity Act of 2025 proposes mandatory E-Verify for all U.S. employers. As of April 2026, it has not been enacted into law. Employers should monitor legislative developments. If enacted, the act would phase in universal E-Verify requirements over a period of years, starting with larger employers.

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